Scenario:  A mailroom employee was opening a large box with a razor blade knife when it became stuck in the cardboard.  The razor blade was separated from the knife, flew up in the air, and cut the employee on her other hand.  She was working alone at the time of the injury, but a co-worker heard her scream and called the Safety Director immediately. The cut was bleeding a lot, and she was quickly taken to the company physician.  Her wound was cleansed and closed with a Steri-Strip.  She also received a tetanus shot.  When she returned to work, she told the Safety Director that she had become very faint after she was cut and had slumped to the floor.

Question:  Is this injury recordable?  Yes or no? 

Answer:  According to 1904.7 General Recording Criteria (http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9638), the treatment the employee received was first aid.  If her cut had been closed with stitches or staples, this would have been considered medical treatment.  However, new information was received after she returned to work about being faint.  If she was unconscious, then the injury becomes recordable, see 1904.7(b)(1)(v) and 1904.7(b)(6).  The Safety Director’s job is not finished - further investigation is needed before a decision can be made about whether or not to record the injury. Also, he must be sure that the blood spill is correctly cleaned up.

Work Performed at Home Can Cause Headaches for Employers.

Scenario:  An employee works at home part of each work week, primarily performing data entry tasks.  One day the employee was carrying a large file folder of forms from his car into his house and was going to his home office to work. However, he stumbled on one of his child’s toys lying on the driveway and fell.  He sprained his right hand and was unable to perform any work either at home or the workplace office for seven work days. The employee feels that the incident is work-related, but the employer is not sure. 

Question:  Should the incident and days missed from work be considered work-related and recorded?

Answer:  1904.5(b)(7) of the OSHA Standard states:

How do I decide if a case is work-related when the employee is working at home? Injuries and illnesses that occur while an employee is working at home, including work in a home office, will be considered work-related if the injury or illness occurs while the employee is performing work for pay or compensation in the home, and the injury or illness is directly related to the performance of work rather than to the general home environment or setting. For example, if an employee drops a box of work documents and injures his or her foot, the case is considered work-related. If an employee’s fingernail is punctured by a needle from a sewing machine used to perform garment work at home, becomes infected and requires medical treatment, the injury is considered work-related. If an employee is injured because he or she trips on the family dog while rushing to answer a work phone call, the case is not considered work-related. If an employee working at home is electrocuted because of faulty home wiring, the injury is not considered work-related.

Does not being able to get to work determine lost or restricted days?

Scenario:  An employee is injured at work and work relationship is established for recordkeeping purposes. The employee is now not able to drive himself to work. The employee may have a cast or splint on, arm in a sling, using crutches, or leg immobilized, etc. The employer has work the employee could do if the employee could get to work. The employee stated he was not able to drive. Prior to the injury, the employee drove himself to work every day. He was not in a car pool, or didn’t catch a ride with co-workers, etc.

Questions: Would this case be a days away from work case or a restricted work activity case?
If the employer provided transportation (even though not required by the regulation to do so), could the company count the days as restricted or must they still count the days as days away from work?
 Would the answer be the same if the employee’s doctor wrote a restriction of “no driving” but the company says “the employee can get a ride with someone else, we have work available”?

Answer: The case must be recorded in a manner reflecting what actually occurs. If the employee does not make it to work, the case must be recorded as a case involving days away from work. If the employee is driven to work by the employer, or anyone else, and the employee performs restricted work, the case must be recorded as a case involving restricted work activity.

We recently came accross the following letter of interpretation and thought some of you might find it interesting. You can find the original posting here.

February 24, 2009Mr. William K. Principe
Constangy Brooks & Smith, LLP
Suite 2400
230 Peachtreet Street, NW
Atlanta, GA 30303-1557Dear Mr. Principe:

Thank you for your December 8, 2008 letter to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regarding the recordkeeping regulation contained in 29 CFR Part 1904 – Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and Illnesses. In an effort to provide you with prompt and accurate responses, we developed and continue to refine a set of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), in addition to maintaining a log of Letters of Interpretation (LOI) on the OSHA Recordkeeping web site.

Your letter states that an employee is injured while participating in go-cart racing, which occurred during an off-site team-building event. Employees were required to attend the off-site meeting and lunch, but were then free to choose among the following options: (1) participating in the team-building event; (2) returning to the office to finish the work day; or (3) taking a ½-day vacation.

Questions: Is an injury incurred during the go-cart racing considered to be work-related? Is the answer any different if an employee elects to stay for the go-cart racing but is not required to participate and is injured while watching the racing?

Response: Under Section 1904.5(b)(1), OSHA defines the work environment as “the establishment and other locations where one or more employees are working or are present as a condition of their employment. The work environment includes not only physical locations, but also the equipment or materials used by the employee during the course of his or her work.”

In the scenario presented, the employee is at the go-cart facility as a condition of employment. Therefore, he or she is in the work environment and any injury or illness that arises is presumed to be work-related and must then be evaluated for its recordability under the general recording criteria. This holds true for both participating in and observing the races.

Thank you for your interest in occupational safety and health. We hope you find this information helpful. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards, and regulations. Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. This letter constitutes OSHA’s interpretation of the requirements discussed. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in responses to new information. To keep appraised of such developments, you can consult OSHA’s website at http://www.osha.gov.

Sincerely,

Keith Goddard, Director
Directorate of Evaluation and Analysis

Scenario: An employee sustained a work-related ankle injury (sprain) and received medical treatment. The employee immediately returned to work with restrictions. The employee’s doctor has requested that the employee return for periodic office visits so that he can observe the patient’s improvement. The employee’s doctor states that on the days the employee has an appointment, the employee is “unable to work that date.”

Question: Are the days used by the employee to visit the doctor for follow-up to be considered days away from work?

Response: The days the employee did not work because he needed to travel to his doctor’s office for observation of the injury should not be counted as days away from work on the OSHA log. As long as the employee was physically able to perform his restricted duty job, and the doctor’s recommendation not to work on the days in question was made solely to ensure that the employee was free to keep the appointment for observation, you would count the time as restricted work activity.

Company Sponsored Meal

Scenario: To celebrate a safety milestone of achieving one million hours worked without an injury, your employer provides a lunch complete with fried chicken, barbequed ribs, hamburgers, and all the trimmings.  A few hours later many employees start to exhibit signs of food poisoning.   Seventy two of your employees get food poisoning so bad that they must miss the next day of work. Further investigation reveals they received the food poisoning from the potato salad provided by the caterer your company hired for the event.

Question: Do all seventy two of these cases go on your OSHA 300 log as recordable with at least one day away from work (DART case)?

Answer:  A note to the exception involving geographical presumption makes clear that if an employee becomes ill as a result of ingesting food contaminated by workplace contaminants such as lead, or contracts food poisoning from food items provided by the employer, the case would be considered work-related. As a result, if an employee contracts food poisoning from a sandwich brought from home or purchased in the company cafeteria and must take time off to recover, the case is not considered work related. On the other hand, if an employee contracts food poisoning from a meal provided by the employer at a business meeting or company function and takes time off to recover, the case would be considered work related. Food provided or supplied by the employer does not include food purchased by the employee from the company cafeteria, but does include food purchased by the employer from the company cafeteria for business meetings or other company functions.

COMPUSPAR USA Inc. has been cited again by OSHA for failing to abate previously cited workplace safety and health violations. Penalties total $101,700.

OSHA initiated its investigation on Sept. 15, 2009, to determine the abatement status of previously identified hazards. As a result of the investigation, the company has been cited with four failure to abate violations with a penalty of $83,400. The company also has been cited for six repeat violations with a penalty of $11,400; six serious violations with a penalty of $6,900; and one other-than-serious violation, which carries no penalty.

“The company’s refusal to abate these violations leaves its employees exposed to a variety of hazards and at risk of injury and illness,” said Jean Kulp, area director of OSHA’s Allentown office. “It is imperative that COMPUSPAR take all necessary steps to remove these hazards to ensure the safety and health of workers at the Allentown facility.”

The failure to abate citations address the company’s failure to maintain OSHA 300 logs for two years; to develop and implement a hazard communication program; to train employees on hazardous chemicals; and to develop and implement a respiratory protection program. The repeat violations include the company’s failure to maintain a material safety data sheet for hazardous chemicals used in the spray painting operation; failure to cover flammable liquids; use of unapproved electrical equipment in hazardous locations; lack of proper ventilation in a spray booth and the lack of cleanliness of the spray area. OSHA issues a repeat violation when an employer previously was cited for the same or similar violation of any standard, regulation, rule or order at any other facilities in federal enforcement states within the last three years.

The serious violations are due to the company’s failure to properly label a drum containing hazardous chemicals; failure to properly guard machinery; improper use of electric boxes and the use of a power strip as an alternative to fixed wiring.

COMPUSPAR USA Inc. repairs and reworks electronic and electromechanical equipment, and employs 76 workers at its Allentown Pennsylvania site.

Scenario:  You have a 48 year old male employee who reports to work on Wednesday morning and two hours into his work shift he experiences some sort of seizure and falls to the floor.  During this event when the employee falls he strikes his head on a work table and receives a laceration on his head that requires six stitches.  Further investigation determines the employee has epilepsy and a history of epileptic seizures.  The doctor verifies that what this employee experienced was indeed an epileptic seizure.   So you determined the event was due to a preexisting non-work related medical condition.  But since the employee struck his head while at work performing work, does the geographical presumption make this event an OSHA recordable? 

Answer:  Neither the seizures nor the laceration are recordable. Injuries and illnesses that result solely from non-work-related events or exposures are not recordable under the exception in section 1904.5(b)(2)(ii). Epileptic seizures are a symptom of a disease of non-occupational origin, and the fact that they occur at work does not make them work-related. Because epileptic seizures are not work-related, injuries resulting solely from the seizures, such as the laceration in the case in question, are not recordable.

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Release Number: 10-135-NAT
Jan. 28, 2010
Contact: Diana Petterson
Phone: 202-693-1898

US Department of Labor’s OSHA proposes recordkeeping change to improve illness data

WASHINGTON — The U.S. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is proposing to revise its Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting (recordkeeping) regulation by restoring a column on the OSHA Form 300 to better identify work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The rule does not change existing requirements for when and under what circumstances employers must record musculoskeletal disorders on their injury and illness logs.

Many employers are currently required to keep a record of workplace injuries and illnesses, including work-related MSDs, on the OSHA Form 300 (Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses). The proposed rule would require employers to place a check mark in a column for all MSDs they have recorded.

The proposed requirements are identical to those contained in the OSHA recordkeeping regulation that was issued in 2001. Prior to 2001, OSHA’s injury and illness logs contained a column for repetitive trauma disorders that included noise and MSDs. In 2001, OSHA separated noise and MSDs into two separate columns, but the MSD column was deleted in 2003 before the provision became effective. OSHA is now proposing to restore the MSD column to the OSHA Form 300 log.

“Restoring the MSD column will improve the ability of workers and employers to identify and prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders by providing simple and easily accessible information,” said Assistant Secretary of Labor for OSHA Dr. David Michaels. “It will also improve the accuracy and completeness of national work-related injury and illness data.”

For more information, view OSHA’s proposal at: http://www.dol.gov/federalregister/msdcolumn. This notice will be published in the Jan. 29 edition of the Federal Register.

Interested parties may submit comments on the proposed rule electronically at http://www.regulations.gov, the federal e-rulemaking portal; or by mailing three copies to the OSHA Docket Office, Room N-2625, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20210; or by fax at 202-693-1648 if the comments and attachments do not exceed 10 pages.

Comments must include the agency name and docket number for this rulemaking (Docket Number OSHA-2009-0044). The deadline for submitting comments is March 15. OSHA will hold a public meeting on the proposed rule March 9.

Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, employers are responsible for providing safe and healthful workplaces for their employees. OSHA’s role is to assure these conditions for America’s working men and women by setting and enforcing standards, and providing training, education and assistance. For more information, visit http://www.osha.gov.

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Your Form 300A Must Be Posted as of February 1

On February 1 of each year, employers with 10 or more employees must post the OSHA-required Form 300A, which summarizes an employer’s recordable injuries and illnesses for the prior year. The Form 300A posting period is February 1 to April 30. An employer subject to this requirement must post the OSHA 300A even if the employer had no recordable injuries/illnesses in the prior year.

All of the data required for the OSHA 300A is taken from the Form 300. Form 300 is not typically posted as it contains confidential medical information. Employees with no fixed work site or no access to posted sites, such as field sales reps, must be provided with a copy of the report.

Some industries are partially exempt from keeping the Form 300A.  A list of partially exempt industries may be found at http://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/ppt1/RK1exempttable.html .  Remember that regardless of your size or industry exemption, if an employer has a fatality, or hospitalization of three or more employees from the same event then you must contact OSHA within eight hours.  Please note that some State Plans have even lower thresholds for reporting injuries and it is advisable that you check with your state plan for their requirements.

OSHA provides information on its recordkeeping and posting  requirements on its Web site at www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html.  There you will find Frequently Asked Questions on the requirements, as well as the “OSHA Recordkeeping Handbook” and the recordkeeping forms. The most recent forms are dated as revised in January 2004.

If you need assistance in OSHA recordkeeping feel free to contact us.

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